Market Outlook
The global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) market size was valued at USD 9869.6 million in 2022 and is forecast to a readjusted size of USD 24800 million by 2029 with a CAGR of 14.1% during review period.
This report is a detailed and comprehensive analysis for global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) market. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses are presented by company, by region & country, by Type and by Application. As the market is constantly changing, this report explores the competition, supply and demand trends, as well as key factors that contribute to its changing demands across many markets. Company profiles and product examples of selected competitors, along with market share estimates of some of the selected leaders for the year 2023, are provided.
Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) manufacturers include Illumina, Roche and Agilent etc. The top 3 company holds a share of more than 50%. North America takes up the largest sales market, with a share of more than 40%, followed by Europe and China, with the share of about 30% and 10% respectively.
Key Features:
Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) market size and forecasts, in consumption value ($ Million), 2018-2029
Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) market size and forecasts by region and country, in consumption value ($ Million), 2018-2029
Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) market size and forecasts, by Type and by Application, in consumption value ($ Million), 2018-2029
Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) market shares of main players, in revenue ($ Million), 2018-2023
The Primary Objectives in This Report Are:
To determine the size of the total market opportunity of global and key countries
To assess the growth potential for Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx)
To forecast future growth in each product and end-use market
To assess competitive factors affecting the marketplace
This report profiles key players in the global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) market based on the following parameters - company overview, production, value, price, gross margin, product portfolio, geographical presence, and key developments.
This report also provides key insights about market drivers, restraints, opportunities, new product launches or approvals, COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine War Influence.
Key Market Players
Illumina
Roche
Agilent
Abbott
Thermofisher
Qiagen
Guardant Health
MGI Tech Co., Ltd.
Amoydx Biology
Genomics
Segmentation By Type
Instrument
Reagents and Consumables
Others
Segmentation By Application
Tumor
Diabetes
Mental Diseases
Cardiovascular Diseases
Others
Segmentation By Region
North America (United States, Canada, and Mexico)
Europe (Germany, France, UK, Russia, Italy, and Rest of Europe)
Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, South Korea, India, Southeast Asia, Australia and Rest of Asia-Pacific)
South America (Brazil, Argentina and Rest of South America)
Middle East & Africa (Turkey, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Rest of Middle East & Africa)
Market SWOT Analysis
What are the strengths of the Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market in 2025?
The market’s strength lies in the increasing demand for personalized medicine, with a growing understanding of how genetics influence treatment outcomes. This leads to more accurate diagnoses and effective treatments, particularly in oncology, cardiovascular diseases, and rare genetic disorders. Advancements in sequencing technologies and regulatory support are also helping drive growth.
What are the weaknesses of the Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market in 2025?
The high cost of genomic testing and the lack of reimbursement models remain significant barriers. Additionally, there are challenges in standardizing testing procedures, and the technology is still not widely accessible in many regions, particularly in developing countries. Data privacy concerns are also an emerging issue.
What are the opportunities for the Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market in 2025?
Opportunities are abundant in expanding clinical applications beyond oncology, including rare diseases, infectious diseases, and psychiatric disorders. Collaborations between biotech companies and healthcare providers to integrate pharmacogenomics into routine clinical practices are expected to grow. Increasing awareness and patient demand for personalized therapies also present a significant opportunity.
What are the threats to the Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market in 2025?
The market faces potential threats from regulatory hurdles, as different countries have varying laws on genetic testing and data privacy. Competition from other diagnostic technologies, such as artificial intelligence and machine learning-based diagnostics, could also impact growth. Moreover, ethical concerns around genetic data use and discrimination may limit widespread adoption.
Market PESTEL Analysis
What are the political factors affecting the Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market in 2025?
Government policies supporting personalized medicine and healthcare innovation can greatly influence the market. Regulatory bodies may provide guidelines for genetic testing and ensure safe practices. However, political instability or changes in healthcare laws, such as reimbursement policies, could create uncertainty for companies operating in this space.
What are the economic factors affecting the Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market in 2025?
The market will be impacted by economic factors like healthcare spending, insurance reimbursement models, and cost-effectiveness of genetic tests. In regions with stronger economies, there is more investment in innovative health technologies, while in others, cost limitations may restrict adoption. Economic recessions or healthcare budget cuts could slow market growth.
What are the social factors affecting the Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market in 2025?
There is an increasing consumer demand for personalized healthcare and awareness about genetic testing. However, social factors like education on genetic technologies and concerns about privacy and data security could influence patient acceptance. Additionally, disparities in access to these technologies based on socio-economic status and region could create challenges.
What are the technological factors affecting the Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market in 2025?
Technological advancements in genomic sequencing, data analytics, and AI integration are driving the market. Innovations in testing platforms and faster, more affordable genomic analysis methods will expand accessibility. However, the rapid pace of technology development requires continuous investment in research and adaptation to keep up with new breakthroughs.
What are the environmental factors affecting the Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market in 2025?
Environmental factors have less direct influence on this market, but the growing emphasis on sustainability and reducing the environmental impact of healthcare products could drive changes in how pharmaceutical companies and diagnostics manufacturers approach packaging, production, and disposal processes.
What are the legal factors affecting the Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market in 2025?
The market will be shaped by evolving genetic data privacy laws, intellectual property rights for genomic discoveries, and regulations on genetic testing. Ensuring compliance with these laws is crucial for companies. Legal challenges around data ownership, consent, and ethical concerns could also pose significant risks in the future.
Market SIPOC Analysis
Who are the suppliers in the Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market in 2025?
Suppliers in this market include biotechnology companies, genomic testing laboratories, research institutions, and pharmaceutical companies that provide the necessary technologies, reagents, and equipment for pharmacogenomic testing. Additionally, software companies that develop platforms for data analysis and interpretation play a crucial role.
What are the inputs to the Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market in 2025?
Inputs include raw genetic material (such as DNA samples), diagnostic testing kits, bioinformatics software, and sequencing technologies. Research findings and clinical trial data also serve as key inputs, along with regulatory guidelines and health data to ensure accurate and ethical application of pharmacogenomic testing.
What are the processes in the Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market in 2025?
The key processes involve the collection of patient samples, genomic sequencing, data analysis, interpretation of results, and integration of findings into clinical decision-making. These processes also include the development of personalized treatment plans and regulatory compliance for ensuring the safe use of pharmacogenomic data in healthcare settings.
Who are the customers in the Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market in 2025?
Customers include healthcare providers, such as hospitals, clinics, and personalized medicine specialists, who use pharmacogenomic testing to make treatment decisions. Additionally, pharmaceutical companies seeking to develop targeted therapies, patients seeking personalized treatments, and insurance companies involved in reimbursement models are also key customers.
What are the outcomes of the Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market in 2025?
The outcomes include improved patient outcomes through more personalized treatment regimens, reduced adverse drug reactions, and optimized therapeutic efficacy. It also results in better diagnostic accuracy, reduced healthcare costs by minimizing trial-and-error treatments, and more effective drug development tailored to genetic profiles.
Market Porter's Five Forces
What is the threat of new entrants in the Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market in 2025?
The threat of new entrants is moderate. While the market holds significant growth potential, the high capital investment required for research, development, and regulatory approval acts as a barrier. Established companies with strong intellectual property and expertise in genomics and diagnostics have a competitive advantage, making it challenging for new players to enter.
What is the bargaining power of suppliers in the Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market in 2025?
The bargaining power of suppliers is moderate to high. Suppliers of key technologies, like sequencing equipment, reagents, and software, play an essential role in this market. As these technologies are highly specialized, suppliers with unique offerings or patents can have a stronger influence on pricing and supply chain dynamics.
What is the bargaining power of buyers in the Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market in 2025?
The bargaining power of buyers is moderate. As healthcare providers and pharmaceutical companies seek precise and cost-effective solutions, they can influence pricing and product offerings. However, the specialized nature of pharmacogenomic testing limits the number of available alternatives, reducing the overall bargaining power of buyers.
What is the threat of substitutes in the Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market in 2025?
The threat of substitutes is low. There are currently no direct substitutes for pharmacogenomics technology when it comes to providing personalized medicine tailored to an individual’s genetic profile. While other diagnostic tools exist, they do not offer the same depth of insight into genetic variations influencing treatment outcomes.
What is the intensity of competitive rivalry in the Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market in 2025?
The intensity of competitive rivalry is high. The market is highly competitive, with established players, biotechnology firms, and pharmaceutical companies all vying for market share. Constant innovation, regulatory changes, and partnerships are driving this competition, as companies race to develop and implement more efficient and accurate pharmacogenomic solutions.
Market Upstream Analysis
What are the key inputs in the upstream process of the Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market in 2025?
Key inputs include raw genetic material (such as patient DNA samples), high-quality reagents, sequencing equipment, bioinformatics software, and databases for genetic information. Additionally, research data and clinical trial findings also play a crucial role in driving advancements in pharmacogenomic testing.
What role do research and development play in the upstream process of this market?
Research and development are critical in the upstream process. They drive innovations in genetic testing technologies, such as improved sequencing techniques, and contribute to developing new biomarkers and therapeutic approaches. R&D also enables the creation of more accurate diagnostic tools and better integration of pharmacogenomics in personalized medicine.
How does the regulatory environment impact the upstream process of the Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market in 2025?
The regulatory environment significantly affects the upstream process by ensuring the safety, efficacy, and ethical use of genetic tests and treatments. Companies need to comply with stringent guidelines for data privacy, test approval, and clinical validation. Regulatory hurdles can delay the introduction of new technologies and impact the cost and development timeline of new products.
What are the main challenges faced by upstream players in the Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market in 2025?
Challenges include the high cost of genomic testing and the complexity of developing new technologies. Additionally, the lack of standardization across genetic testing platforms and the evolving regulatory landscape can make it difficult for upstream players to scale and integrate their innovations. Ensuring quality control and meeting diverse global regulatory standards are also ongoing challenges.
How does collaboration between stakeholders impact the upstream process in the Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market?
Collaboration between biotech firms, research institutions, diagnostic companies, and pharmaceutical companies is crucial for advancing pharmacogenomic technologies. These partnerships foster the sharing of resources, data, and expertise, enabling more efficient product development and faster time-to-market. Collaborative efforts also help overcome regulatory challenges and create more comprehensive and effective solutions.
Market Midstream Analysis
What are the key processes in the midstream phase of the Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market in 2025?
Key processes in the midstream phase include the development and validation of genetic tests, clinical trial data collection, integration of pharmacogenomic insights into treatment protocols, and refining diagnostic tools for clinical use. This phase also involves ensuring that pharmacogenomic tests meet regulatory standards for safety and efficacy.
How do partnerships and collaborations influence the midstream phase of this market?
Partnerships and collaborations significantly impact the midstream phase by facilitating the integration of cutting-edge research into clinical practices. Collaborations between diagnostic companies, pharmaceutical firms, and healthcare providers help streamline the transition from lab-based genetic testing to practical, real-world clinical applications, improving the overall efficiency of pharmacogenomic technology adoption.
What role does clinical validation play in the midstream process of this market?
Clinical validation is a critical component in the midstream process. It ensures that pharmacogenomic tests provide accurate, reliable, and actionable results in diverse patient populations. Successful clinical validation enables regulatory approval, builds trust among healthcare providers, and supports broader adoption of personalized medicine based on genetic insights.
What are the main challenges faced by midstream players in the Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market in 2025?
The main challenges include managing the complexity of integrating pharmacogenomic insights into routine clinical practices, ensuring data accuracy, and dealing with regulatory hurdles. Additionally, maintaining a consistent supply of validated, high-quality diagnostic tools while meeting patient demand for personalized therapies can be challenging in a rapidly evolving market.
How does the regulatory framework impact the midstream phase of the Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market?
The regulatory framework plays a significant role in the midstream phase, as it governs the approval and standardization of pharmacogenomic tests. Regulations ensure that these tests are reliable, accurate, and ethically used. Navigating complex regulatory environments across different regions is challenging, but it is essential for bringing new technologies into widespread clinical use.
Market Downstream Analysis
What are the key activities in the downstream phase of the Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market in 2025?
Key activities in the downstream phase include the integration of pharmacogenomic tests into clinical practices, offering personalized treatment plans based on genetic insights, and educating healthcare providers about the benefits and applications of pharmacogenomics. Additionally, the downstream phase involves post-market surveillance to ensure the efficacy and safety of the tests in real-world settings.
How does patient adoption impact the downstream process in this market?
Patient adoption plays a crucial role in the downstream process, as the success of pharmacogenomic technologies depends on patients' willingness to undergo genetic testing and trust in personalized treatments. Greater awareness and education about the benefits of pharmacogenomics are essential for increasing patient participation and ensuring the widespread use of these technologies.
What are the challenges faced by downstream players in the Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market in 2025?
Challenges include educating patients and healthcare providers about the advantages of pharmacogenomic testing and overcoming resistance to new treatment approaches. Additionally, reimbursement issues and disparities in access to testing and personalized treatments can create barriers to widespread adoption. Ensuring consistent data privacy and handling ethical concerns around genetic testing also remain challenges.
How does the reimbursement model affect the downstream process in this market?
Reimbursement models directly affect the affordability and accessibility of pharmacogenomic tests. If insurers do not cover these tests or offer limited reimbursement, patients may be less likely to undergo testing. Similarly, without proper reimbursement frameworks, healthcare providers may hesitate to implement pharmacogenomic technology in their clinical practices, hindering market growth.
What role do healthcare providers play in the downstream phase of the Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market?
Healthcare providers are essential in the downstream phase as they apply pharmacogenomic insights to tailor treatment plans for patients. Their role includes interpreting test results, educating patients about the benefits of personalized medicine, and ensuring that pharmacogenomic data is integrated effectively into treatment protocols. Their acceptance and expertise are key to the technology's success in clinical practice.
Chapter 1, to describe Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) product scope, market overview, market estimation caveats and base year.
Chapter 2, to profile the top players of Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx), with revenue, gross margin and global market share of Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) from 2018 to 2023.
Chapter 3, the Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) competitive situation, revenue and global market share of top players are analyzed emphatically by landscape contrast.
Chapter 4 and 5, to segment the market size by Type and application, with consumption value and growth rate by Type, application, from 2018 to 2029.
Chapter 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, to break the market size data at the country level, with revenue and market share for key countries in the world, from 2018 to 2023.and Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) market forecast, by regions, type and application, with consumption value, from 2024 to 2029.
Chapter 11, market dynamics, drivers, restraints, trends, Porters Five Forces analysis, and Influence of COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine War
Chapter 12, the key raw materials and key suppliers, and industry chain of Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx).
Chapter 13, to describe Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) research findings and conclusion.
1 Market Overview
1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx)
1.2 Market Estimation Caveats and Base Year
1.3 Classification of Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) by Type
1.3.1 Overview: Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size by Type: 2018 Versus 2022 Versus 2029
1.3.2 Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value Market Share by Type in 2022
1.3.3 Instrument
1.3.4 Reagents and Consumables
1.3.5 Others
1.4 Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market by Application
1.4.1 Overview: Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size by Application: 2018 Versus 2022 Versus 2029
1.4.2 Tumor
1.4.3 Diabetes
1.4.4 Mental Diseases
1.4.5 Cardiovascular Diseases
1.4.6 Others
1.5 Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size & Forecast
1.6 Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size and Forecast by Region
1.6.1 Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size by Region: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
1.6.2 Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size by Region, (2018-2029)
1.6.3 North America Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size and Prospect (2018-2029)
1.6.4 Europe Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size and Prospect (2018-2029)
1.6.5 Asia-Pacific Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size and Prospect (2018-2029)
1.6.6 South America Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size and Prospect (2018-2029)
1.6.7 Middle East and Africa Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size and Prospect (2018-2029)
2 Company Profiles
2.1 Illumina
2.1.1 Illumina Details
2.1.2 Illumina Major Business
2.1.3 Illumina Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Product and Solutions
2.1.4 Illumina Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.1.5 Illumina Recent Developments and Future Plans
2.2 Roche
2.2.1 Roche Details
2.2.2 Roche Major Business
2.2.3 Roche Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Product and Solutions
2.2.4 Roche Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.2.5 Roche Recent Developments and Future Plans
2.3 Agilent
2.3.1 Agilent Details
2.3.2 Agilent Major Business
2.3.3 Agilent Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Product and Solutions
2.3.4 Agilent Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.3.5 Agilent Recent Developments and Future Plans
2.4 Abbott
2.4.1 Abbott Details
2.4.2 Abbott Major Business
2.4.3 Abbott Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Product and Solutions
2.4.4 Abbott Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.4.5 Abbott Recent Developments and Future Plans
2.5 Thermofisher
2.5.1 Thermofisher Details
2.5.2 Thermofisher Major Business
2.5.3 Thermofisher Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Product and Solutions
2.5.4 Thermofisher Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.5.5 Thermofisher Recent Developments and Future Plans
2.6 Qiagen
2.6.1 Qiagen Details
2.6.2 Qiagen Major Business
2.6.3 Qiagen Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Product and Solutions
2.6.4 Qiagen Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.6.5 Qiagen Recent Developments and Future Plans
2.7 Guardant Health
2.7.1 Guardant Health Details
2.7.2 Guardant Health Major Business
2.7.3 Guardant Health Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Product and Solutions
2.7.4 Guardant Health Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.7.5 Guardant Health Recent Developments and Future Plans
2.8 MGI Tech Co., Ltd.
2.8.1 MGI Tech Co., Ltd. Details
2.8.2 MGI Tech Co., Ltd. Major Business
2.8.3 MGI Tech Co., Ltd. Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Product and Solutions
2.8.4 MGI Tech Co., Ltd. Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.8.5 MGI Tech Co., Ltd. Recent Developments and Future Plans
2.9 Amoydx Biology
2.9.1 Amoydx Biology Details
2.9.2 Amoydx Biology Major Business
2.9.3 Amoydx Biology Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Product and Solutions
2.9.4 Amoydx Biology Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.9.5 Amoydx Biology Recent Developments and Future Plans
2.10 Genomics
2.10.1 Genomics Details
2.10.2 Genomics Major Business
2.10.3 Genomics Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Product and Solutions
2.10.4 Genomics Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.10.5 Genomics Recent Developments and Future Plans
3 Market Competition, by Players
3.1 Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Revenue and Share by Players (2018-2023)
3.2 Market Share Analysis (2022)
3.2.1 Market Share of Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) by Company Revenue
3.2.2 Top 3 Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Players Market Share in 2022
3.2.3 Top 6 Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Players Market Share in 2022
3.3 Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market: Overall Company Footprint Analysis
3.3.1 Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market: Region Footprint
3.3.2 Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market: Company Product Type Footprint
3.3.3 Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market: Company Product Application Footprint
3.4 New Market Entrants and Barriers to Market Entry
3.5 Mergers, Acquisition, Agreements, and Collaborations
4 Market Size Segment by Type
4.1 Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value and Market Share by Type (2018-2023)
4.2 Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Forecast by Type (2024-2029)
5 Market Size Segment by Application
5.1 Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value Market Share by Application (2018-2023)
5.2 Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Forecast by Application (2024-2029)
6 North America
6.1 North America Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Type (2018-2029)
6.2 North America Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Application (2018-2029)
6.3 North America Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size by Country
6.3.1 North America Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Country (2018-2029)
6.3.2 United States Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
6.3.3 Canada Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
6.3.4 Mexico Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
7 Europe
7.1 Europe Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Type (2018-2029)
7.2 Europe Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Application (2018-2029)
7.3 Europe Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size by Country
7.3.1 Europe Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Country (2018-2029)
7.3.2 Germany Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
7.3.3 France Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
7.3.4 United Kingdom Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
7.3.5 Russia Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
7.3.6 Italy Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
8 Asia-Pacific
8.1 Asia-Pacific Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Type (2018-2029)
8.2 Asia-Pacific Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Application (2018-2029)
8.3 Asia-Pacific Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size by Region
8.3.1 Asia-Pacific Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Region (2018-2029)
8.3.2 China Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
8.3.3 Japan Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
8.3.4 South Korea Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
8.3.5 India Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
8.3.6 Southeast Asia Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
8.3.7 Australia Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9 South America
9.1 South America Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Type (2018-2029)
9.2 South America Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Application (2018-2029)
9.3 South America Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size by Country
9.3.1 South America Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Country (2018-2029)
9.3.2 Brazil Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9.3.3 Argentina Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
10 Middle East & Africa
10.1 Middle East & Africa Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Type (2018-2029)
10.2 Middle East & Africa Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Application (2018-2029)
10.3 Middle East & Africa Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size by Country
10.3.1 Middle East & Africa Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Country (2018-2029)
10.3.2 Turkey Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
10.3.3 Saudi Arabia Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
10.3.4 UAE Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
11 Market Dynamics
11.1 Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Drivers
11.2 Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Restraints
11.3 Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Trends Analysis
11.4 Porters Five Forces Analysis
11.4.1 Threat of New Entrants
11.4.2 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
11.4.3 Bargaining Power of Buyers
11.4.4 Threat of Substitutes
11.4.5 Competitive Rivalry
11.5 Influence of COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine War
11.5.1 Influence of COVID-19
11.5.2 Influence of Russia-Ukraine War
12 Industry Chain Analysis
12.1 Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Industry Chain
12.2 Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Upstream Analysis
12.3 Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Midstream Analysis
12.4 Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Downstream Analysis
13 Research Findings and Conclusion
14 Appendix
14.1 Methodology
14.2 Research Process and Data Source
14.3 Disclaimer
List of Tables
Table 1. Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Type, (USD Million), 2018 & 2022 & 2029
Table 2. Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Application, (USD Million), 2018 & 2022 & 2029
Table 3. Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Region (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 4. Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Region (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 5. Illumina Company Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 6. Illumina Major Business
Table 7. Illumina Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Product and Solutions
Table 8. Illumina Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 9. Illumina Recent Developments and Future Plans
Table 10. Roche Company Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 11. Roche Major Business
Table 12. Roche Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Product and Solutions
Table 13. Roche Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 14. Roche Recent Developments and Future Plans
Table 15. Agilent Company Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 16. Agilent Major Business
Table 17. Agilent Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Product and Solutions
Table 18. Agilent Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 19. Agilent Recent Developments and Future Plans
Table 20. Abbott Company Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 21. Abbott Major Business
Table 22. Abbott Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Product and Solutions
Table 23. Abbott Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 24. Abbott Recent Developments and Future Plans
Table 25. Thermofisher Company Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 26. Thermofisher Major Business
Table 27. Thermofisher Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Product and Solutions
Table 28. Thermofisher Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 29. Thermofisher Recent Developments and Future Plans
Table 30. Qiagen Company Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 31. Qiagen Major Business
Table 32. Qiagen Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Product and Solutions
Table 33. Qiagen Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 34. Qiagen Recent Developments and Future Plans
Table 35. Guardant Health Company Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 36. Guardant Health Major Business
Table 37. Guardant Health Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Product and Solutions
Table 38. Guardant Health Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 39. Guardant Health Recent Developments and Future Plans
Table 40. MGI Tech Co., Ltd. Company Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 41. MGI Tech Co., Ltd. Major Business
Table 42. MGI Tech Co., Ltd. Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Product and Solutions
Table 43. MGI Tech Co., Ltd. Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 44. MGI Tech Co., Ltd. Recent Developments and Future Plans
Table 45. Amoydx Biology Company Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 46. Amoydx Biology Major Business
Table 47. Amoydx Biology Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Product and Solutions
Table 48. Amoydx Biology Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 49. Amoydx Biology Recent Developments and Future Plans
Table 50. Genomics Company Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 51. Genomics Major Business
Table 52. Genomics Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Product and Solutions
Table 53. Genomics Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 54. Genomics Recent Developments and Future Plans
Table 55. Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Revenue (USD Million) by Players (2018-2023)
Table 56. Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Revenue Share by Players (2018-2023)
Table 57. Breakdown of Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3)
Table 58. Market Position of Players in Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx), (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3), Based on Revenue in 2022
Table 59. Head Office of Key Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Players
Table 60. Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market: Company Product Type Footprint
Table 61. Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market: Company Product Application Footprint
Table 62. Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) New Market Entrants and Barriers to Market Entry
Table 63. Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Mergers, Acquisition, Agreements, and Collaborations
Table 64. Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value (USD Million) by Type (2018-2023)
Table 65. Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value Share by Type (2018-2023)
Table 66. Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value Forecast by Type (2024-2029)
Table 67. Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Application (2018-2023)
Table 68. Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value Forecast by Application (2024-2029)
Table 69. North America Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Type (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 70. North America Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Type (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 71. North America Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Application (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 72. North America Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Application (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 73. North America Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Country (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 74. North America Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Country (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 75. Europe Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Type (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 76. Europe Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Type (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 77. Europe Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Application (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 78. Europe Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Application (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 79. Europe Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Country (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 80. Europe Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Country (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 81. Asia-Pacific Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Type (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 82. Asia-Pacific Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Type (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 83. Asia-Pacific Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Application (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 84. Asia-Pacific Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Application (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 85. Asia-Pacific Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Region (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 86. Asia-Pacific Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Region (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 87. South America Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Type (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 88. South America Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Type (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 89. South America Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Application (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 90. South America Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Application (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 91. South America Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Country (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 92. South America Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Country (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 93. Middle East & Africa Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Type (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 94. Middle East & Africa Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Type (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 95. Middle East & Africa Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Application (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 96. Middle East & Africa Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Application (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 97. Middle East & Africa Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Country (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 98. Middle East & Africa Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Country (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 99. Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Raw Material
Table 100. Key Suppliers of Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Raw Materials
List of Figures
Figure 1. Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Picture
Figure 2. Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Type, (USD Million), 2018 & 2022 & 2029
Figure 3. Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value Market Share by Type in 2022
Figure 4. Instrument
Figure 5. Reagents and Consumables
Figure 6. Others
Figure 7. Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value by Type, (USD Million), 2018 & 2022 & 2029
Figure 8. Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value Market Share by Application in 2022
Figure 9. Tumor Picture
Figure 10. Diabetes Picture
Figure 11. Mental Diseases Picture
Figure 12. Cardiovascular Diseases Picture
Figure 13. Others Picture
Figure 14. Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value, (USD Million): 2018 & 2022 & 2029
Figure 15. Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value and Forecast (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 16. Global Market Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value (USD Million) Comparison by Region (2018 & 2022 & 2029)
Figure 17. Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value Market Share by Region (2018-2029)
Figure 18. Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value Market Share by Region in 2022
Figure 19. North America Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 20. Europe Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 21. Asia-Pacific Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 22. South America Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 23. Middle East and Africa Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 24. Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Revenue Share by Players in 2022
Figure 25. Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3) in 2022
Figure 26. Global Top 3 Players Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Share in 2022
Figure 27. Global Top 6 Players Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Share in 2022
Figure 28. Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value Share by Type (2018-2023)
Figure 29. Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Share Forecast by Type (2024-2029)
Figure 30. Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value Share by Application (2018-2023)
Figure 31. Global Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Share Forecast by Application (2024-2029)
Figure 32. North America Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 33. North America Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 34. North America Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value Market Share by Country (2018-2029)
Figure 35. United States Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 36. Canada Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 37. Mexico Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 38. Europe Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 39. Europe Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 40. Europe Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value Market Share by Country (2018-2029)
Figure 41. Germany Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 42. France Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 43. United Kingdom Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 44. Russia Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 45. Italy Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 46. Asia-Pacific Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 47. Asia-Pacific Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 48. Asia-Pacific Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value Market Share by Region (2018-2029)
Figure 49. China Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 50. Japan Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 51. South Korea Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 52. India Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 53. Southeast Asia Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 54. Australia Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 55. South America Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 56. South America Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 57. South America Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value Market Share by Country (2018-2029)
Figure 58. Brazil Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 59. Argentina Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 60. Middle East and Africa Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 61. Middle East and Africa Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 62. Middle East and Africa Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value Market Share by Country (2018-2029)
Figure 63. Turkey Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 64. Saudi Arabia Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 65. UAE Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 66. Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Drivers
Figure 67. Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Restraints
Figure 68. Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Market Trends
Figure 69. Porters Five Forces Analysis
Figure 70. Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) in 2022
Figure 71. Manufacturing Process Analysis of Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx)
Figure 72. Pharmacogenomics Technology (Theranostics & CDx) Industrial Chain
Figure 73. Methodology
Figure 74. Research Process and Data Source
