The global Medical Air Disinfection Machine market size was valued at USD 210.3 million in 2022 and is forecast to a readjusted size of USD 312.9 million by 2029 with a CAGR of 5.8% during review period.
Air disinfection machine is a machine that disinfects air through the principles of filtration, purification, and sterilization. Medical Air Disinfection Machine is used in medical places, including hospitals and clinics.
Medical Air Disinfection Machine is mainly produced in China and exported to all parts of the world, Laoken Medical is the biggest manufacture with about 18% of the global market. Laoken Medical, Novaerus, Sichuan Aojie and Kengewang are the top 4 of the worlds, their total market share is near 42%. The Asia-Pacific region is the largest consumer region, accounting for 40.30% of the total global market in 2019.
Medical Air Disinfection Machine mainly includes several types such as Wall-mounted Type, Cabinet Type and Mobile Type. The mobile type occupies the main market share for its convenience and low cost. Medical Air Disinfection Machine is widely used in hospitals, clinics, and other medical places due to its higher sterilization effect. About 62% of the Medical Air Disinfection Machine is used in hospitals.
This report is a detailed and comprehensive analysis for global Medical Air Disinfection Machine market. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses are presented by manufacturers, by region & country, by Type and by Application. As the market is constantly changing, this report explores the competition, supply and demand trends, as well as key factors that contribute to its changing demands across many markets. Company profiles and product examples of selected competitors, along with market share estimates of some of the selected leaders for the year 2023, are provided.
Key Features:
Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine market size and forecasts, in consumption value ($ Million), sales quantity (K Units), and average selling prices (US$/Unit), 2018-2029
Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine market size and forecasts by region and country, in consumption value ($ Million), sales quantity (K Units), and average selling prices (US$/Unit), 2018-2029
Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine market size and forecasts, by Type and by Application, in consumption value ($ Million), sales quantity (K Units), and average selling prices (US$/Unit), 2018-2029
Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine market shares of main players, shipments in revenue ($ Million), sales quantity (K Units), and ASP (US$/Unit), 2018-2023
The Primary Objectives in This Report Are:
To determine the size of the total market opportunity of global and key countries
To assess the growth potential for Medical Air Disinfection Machine
To forecast future growth in each product and end-use market
To assess competitive factors affecting the marketplace
This report profiles key players in the global Medical Air Disinfection Machine market based on the following parameters - company overview, production, value, price, gross margin, product portfolio, geographical presence, and key developments.
This report also provides key insights about market drivers, restraints, opportunities, new product launches or approvals, COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine War Influence.
Laoken Medical
Novaerus
Sichuan Aojie
Kengewang
BIOBASE Group
SNGRADN
Yuda Group
Jiangsu Shen Xing Photoelectricity Medical Apparatus Co.,Ltd
Sterisafe
Suzhou Hanbang Sterilizer Equipment Co., Ltd.
Dongguan Leanda
UVRER
Kover SRL
Shandong Jiajing Medical Technology Co.,Ltd
Wall-mounted Type
Cabinet Type
Mobile Type
Others
Hospital
Clinic
Others
North America (United States, Canada and Mexico)
Europe (Germany, France, United Kingdom, Russia, Italy, and Rest of Europe)
Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, Korea, India, Southeast Asia, and Australia)
South America (Brazil, Argentina, Colombia, and Rest of South America)
Middle East & Africa (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt, South Africa, and Rest of Middle East & Africa)
Strengths
- Increasing awareness of infection control in healthcare settings drives demand for effective air disinfection solutions.
- Technological advancements in disinfection technologies enhance the efficacy and efficiency of medical air disinfection machines.
Weaknesses
- High initial costs of advanced air disinfection machines may deter smaller healthcare facilities from investing.
- Limited understanding or awareness among some healthcare providers regarding the benefits and applications of air disinfection technologies.
Opportunities
- Growing global emphasis on patient safety and infection prevention provides opportunities for market expansion.
- Potential for partnerships with healthcare organizations to integrate air disinfection solutions into existing systems.
Threats
- Intense competition among manufacturers may lead to price wars and reduced profit margins.
- Regulatory challenges and varying standards across regions can hinder market entry and product adoption.
Political
- Increasing government regulations and healthcare policies related to infection control drive demand for air disinfection technologies.
- National healthcare initiatives and funding for improving hospital safety standards may promote market growth.
Economic
- Rising healthcare expenditure and investments in modern medical infrastructure boost the demand for air disinfection systems.
- Economic challenges and budget constraints in some healthcare systems may limit adoption, especially in smaller facilities.
Social
- Growing public concern over healthcare-associated infections and air quality encourages the adoption of disinfection machines.
- Increasing awareness of the importance of air sterilization in hospitals and medical environments drives demand.
Technological
- Advancements in UV-C, HEPA, and other air purification technologies enhance the efficiency of air disinfection machines.
- Integration of smart sensors and IoT technology in air disinfection machines increases automation and monitoring capabilities.
Environmental
- Increasing focus on sustainable and eco-friendly disinfection technologies presents an opportunity for market growth.
- Environmental regulations around energy consumption and waste disposal could influence the design and operation of medical air disinfection machines.
Legal
- Stricter healthcare safety and environmental regulations may enforce the adoption of medical air disinfection machines in clinical settings.
- Intellectual property rights and patents around new disinfection technologies could pose barriers to market entry for some players.
Suppliers
- Manufacturers of air disinfection components such as UV-C lamps, HEPA filters, and ozone generators.
- Suppliers of raw materials and electronic parts required for the production of medical air disinfection machines.
Inputs
- Advanced disinfection technologies (e.g., UV-C, ionization, HEPA filtration).
- Raw materials, including metals, plastics, and electronic components for machine assembly.
Process
- Design and development of medical air disinfection machines with a focus on safety, efficiency, and ease of use.
- Manufacturing and quality control processes ensuring compliance with medical and environmental standards.
Outputs
- High-efficiency medical air disinfection machines for healthcare facilities.
- Products that meet regulatory standards for infection control and environmental safety.
Customers
- Hospitals, clinics, and healthcare facilities requiring air disinfection solutions.
- Government agencies and public health organizations seeking to enhance infection control protocols.
Threat of New Entrants
- High capital investment required for research, development, and manufacturing of advanced disinfection technologies limits new entrants.
- Stringent regulatory requirements and the need for certification and compliance pose barriers to entry for new players.
Bargaining Power of Suppliers
- Limited suppliers for specialized components like UV-C lamps and HEPA filters may increase the bargaining power of suppliers.
- Dependence on high-quality, medically certified materials gives key suppliers more leverage in negotiations.
Bargaining Power of Buyers
- Healthcare organizations and hospitals, being large buyers, can negotiate better pricing and service terms.
- Increasing availability of alternative disinfection technologies, such as air purifiers and other sterilization methods, can shift bargaining power to buyers.
Threat of Substitute Products
- Air purifiers, HEPA filtration systems, and other air sanitation technologies pose a moderate threat as alternatives to medical air disinfection machines.
- Advancements in chemical-based disinfection and antimicrobial surfaces could provide alternative solutions, reducing the demand for air disinfection machines.
Industry Rivalry
- High competition among established manufacturers and new entrants can drive innovation and lower prices.
- Intense rivalry due to the growing demand for infection control solutions in healthcare settings leads to continuous product improvements.
Raw Material Suppliers
- Suppliers of materials like metals, plastics, and electronic components play a critical role in the production of air disinfection machines.
- Limited availability of high-quality, medical-grade materials required for machine components may impact production timelines.
Technology Providers
- Companies providing advanced disinfection technologies such as UV-C light systems, HEPA filters, and ozone generators are essential for innovation in the market.
- Dependence on research and development (R&D) for continuous improvements in disinfection efficiency and energy consumption drives partnerships with technology providers.
Manufacturing Partners
- Contract manufacturers who specialize in assembling medical devices ensure high-quality production at scale.
- Potential risks related to the outsourcing of manufacturing and the need for stringent quality control can affect supply chain stability.
Regulatory Bodies
- Regulatory agencies such as FDA or CE mark requirements influence the development and certification processes of air disinfection technologies.
- Compliance with health, safety, and environmental standards is crucial to ensure market acceptance and to avoid regulatory delays.
Manufacturing Process
- Efficient and cost-effective manufacturing processes, including automation and lean production, are crucial for meeting market demand.
- Ensuring compliance with medical device manufacturing standards and certifications is essential to maintain product quality and regulatory approval.
Distribution Channels
- Established distribution networks, including partnerships with medical equipment distributors and healthcare suppliers, are critical for market reach.
- Logistics and supply chain management, including timely delivery and after-sales support, are important factors influencing market success.
Product Development and Innovation
- Continuous innovation in disinfection technologies, such as energy-efficient systems and IoT-enabled features, drives product differentiation in the market.
- Incorporating customer feedback and addressing specific healthcare facility needs are key to enhancing product relevance and competitiveness.
Quality Control
- Rigorous testing and quality assurance processes ensure the reliability and safety of medical air disinfection machines for healthcare environments.
- Adhering to strict international standards for safety and performance guarantees market acceptance and reduces the risk of product recalls.
End-Users
- Healthcare facilities such as hospitals, clinics, and long-term care centers are the primary consumers, seeking solutions for infection control and air quality improvement.
- Increasing adoption in high-risk environments, like operating rooms and intensive care units (ICUs), drives demand for advanced air disinfection machines.
Customer Support and Service
- Offering installation, training, and maintenance services is essential for building strong customer relationships and ensuring product longevity.
- Post-sale support, including timely servicing and spare parts availability, is crucial for ensuring high customer satisfaction and repeat business.
Market Demand
- Rising concerns about healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and airborne diseases increase the demand for effective air disinfection solutions.
- Public health initiatives and government regulations focusing on air quality and infection control create a supportive environment for market growth.
Pricing and Competitiveness
- Competitive pricing strategies are important as healthcare organizations face budget constraints, especially in smaller facilities.
- Differentiation through advanced features, energy efficiency, and ease of use can give manufacturers an edge in a competitive market.
Chapter 1, to describe Medical Air Disinfection Machine product scope, market overview, market estimation caveats and base year.
Chapter 2, to profile the top manufacturers of Medical Air Disinfection Machine, with price, sales, revenue and global market share of Medical Air Disinfection Machine from 2018 to 2023.
Chapter 3, the Medical Air Disinfection Machine competitive situation, sales quantity, revenue and global market share of top manufacturers are analyzed emphatically by landscape contrast.
Chapter 4, the Medical Air Disinfection Machine breakdown data are shown at the regional level, to show the sales quantity, consumption value and growth by regions, from 2018 to 2029.
Chapter 5 and 6, to segment the sales by Type and application, with sales market share and growth rate by type, application, from 2018 to 2029.
Chapter 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11, to break the sales data at the country level, with sales quantity, consumption value and market share for key countries in the world, from 2017 to 2022.and Medical Air Disinfection Machine market forecast, by regions, type and application, with sales and revenue, from 2024 to 2029.
Chapter 12, market dynamics, drivers, restraints, trends, Porters Five Forces analysis, and Influence of COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine War.
Chapter 13, the key raw materials and key suppliers, and industry chain of Medical Air Disinfection Machine.
Chapter 14 and 15, to describe Medical Air Disinfection Machine sales channel, distributors, customers, research findings and conclusion.
1 Market Overview
1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Medical Air Disinfection Machine
1.2 Market Estimation Caveats and Base Year
1.3 Market Analysis by Type
1.3.1 Overview: Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value by Type: 2018 Versus 2022 Versus 2029
1.3.2 Wall-mounted Type
1.3.3 Cabinet Type
1.3.4 Mobile Type
1.3.5 Others
1.4 Market Analysis by Application
1.4.1 Overview: Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value by Application: 2018 Versus 2022 Versus 2029
1.4.2 Hospital
1.4.3 Clinic
1.4.4 Others
1.5 Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Market Size & Forecast
1.5.1 Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value (2018 & 2022 & 2029)
1.5.2 Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity (2018-2029)
1.5.3 Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Average Price (2018-2029)
2 Manufacturers Profiles
2.1 Laoken Medical
2.1.1 Laoken Medical Details
2.1.2 Laoken Medical Major Business
2.1.3 Laoken Medical Medical Air Disinfection Machine Product and Services
2.1.4 Laoken Medical Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.1.5 Laoken Medical Recent Developments/Updates
2.2 Novaerus
2.2.1 Novaerus Details
2.2.2 Novaerus Major Business
2.2.3 Novaerus Medical Air Disinfection Machine Product and Services
2.2.4 Novaerus Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.2.5 Novaerus Recent Developments/Updates
2.3 Sichuan Aojie
2.3.1 Sichuan Aojie Details
2.3.2 Sichuan Aojie Major Business
2.3.3 Sichuan Aojie Medical Air Disinfection Machine Product and Services
2.3.4 Sichuan Aojie Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.3.5 Sichuan Aojie Recent Developments/Updates
2.4 Kengewang
2.4.1 Kengewang Details
2.4.2 Kengewang Major Business
2.4.3 Kengewang Medical Air Disinfection Machine Product and Services
2.4.4 Kengewang Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.4.5 Kengewang Recent Developments/Updates
2.5 BIOBASE Group
2.5.1 BIOBASE Group Details
2.5.2 BIOBASE Group Major Business
2.5.3 BIOBASE Group Medical Air Disinfection Machine Product and Services
2.5.4 BIOBASE Group Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.5.5 BIOBASE Group Recent Developments/Updates
2.6 SNGRADN
2.6.1 SNGRADN Details
2.6.2 SNGRADN Major Business
2.6.3 SNGRADN Medical Air Disinfection Machine Product and Services
2.6.4 SNGRADN Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.6.5 SNGRADN Recent Developments/Updates
2.7 Yuda Group
2.7.1 Yuda Group Details
2.7.2 Yuda Group Major Business
2.7.3 Yuda Group Medical Air Disinfection Machine Product and Services
2.7.4 Yuda Group Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.7.5 Yuda Group Recent Developments/Updates
2.8 Jiangsu Shen Xing Photoelectricity Medical Apparatus Co.,Ltd
2.8.1 Jiangsu Shen Xing Photoelectricity Medical Apparatus Co.,Ltd Details
2.8.2 Jiangsu Shen Xing Photoelectricity Medical Apparatus Co.,Ltd Major Business
2.8.3 Jiangsu Shen Xing Photoelectricity Medical Apparatus Co.,Ltd Medical Air Disinfection Machine Product and Services
2.8.4 Jiangsu Shen Xing Photoelectricity Medical Apparatus Co.,Ltd Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.8.5 Jiangsu Shen Xing Photoelectricity Medical Apparatus Co.,Ltd Recent Developments/Updates
2.9 Sterisafe
2.9.1 Sterisafe Details
2.9.2 Sterisafe Major Business
2.9.3 Sterisafe Medical Air Disinfection Machine Product and Services
2.9.4 Sterisafe Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.9.5 Sterisafe Recent Developments/Updates
2.10 Suzhou Hanbang Sterilizer Equipment Co., Ltd.
2.10.1 Suzhou Hanbang Sterilizer Equipment Co., Ltd. Details
2.10.2 Suzhou Hanbang Sterilizer Equipment Co., Ltd. Major Business
2.10.3 Suzhou Hanbang Sterilizer Equipment Co., Ltd. Medical Air Disinfection Machine Product and Services
2.10.4 Suzhou Hanbang Sterilizer Equipment Co., Ltd. Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.10.5 Suzhou Hanbang Sterilizer Equipment Co., Ltd. Recent Developments/Updates
2.11 Dongguan Leanda
2.11.1 Dongguan Leanda Details
2.11.2 Dongguan Leanda Major Business
2.11.3 Dongguan Leanda Medical Air Disinfection Machine Product and Services
2.11.4 Dongguan Leanda Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.11.5 Dongguan Leanda Recent Developments/Updates
2.12 UVRER
2.12.1 UVRER Details
2.12.2 UVRER Major Business
2.12.3 UVRER Medical Air Disinfection Machine Product and Services
2.12.4 UVRER Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.12.5 UVRER Recent Developments/Updates
2.13 Kover SRL
2.13.1 Kover SRL Details
2.13.2 Kover SRL Major Business
2.13.3 Kover SRL Medical Air Disinfection Machine Product and Services
2.13.4 Kover SRL Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.13.5 Kover SRL Recent Developments/Updates
2.14 Shandong Jiajing Medical Technology Co.,Ltd
2.14.1 Shandong Jiajing Medical Technology Co.,Ltd Details
2.14.2 Shandong Jiajing Medical Technology Co.,Ltd Major Business
2.14.3 Shandong Jiajing Medical Technology Co.,Ltd Medical Air Disinfection Machine Product and Services
2.14.4 Shandong Jiajing Medical Technology Co.,Ltd Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.14.5 Shandong Jiajing Medical Technology Co.,Ltd Recent Developments/Updates
3 Competitive Environment: Medical Air Disinfection Machine by Manufacturer
3.1 Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Manufacturer (2018-2023)
3.2 Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Revenue by Manufacturer (2018-2023)
3.3 Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Average Price by Manufacturer (2018-2023)
3.4 Market Share Analysis (2022)
3.4.1 Producer Shipments of Medical Air Disinfection Machine by Manufacturer Revenue ($MM) and Market Share (%): 2022
3.4.2 Top 3 Medical Air Disinfection Machine Manufacturer Market Share in 2022
3.4.2 Top 6 Medical Air Disinfection Machine Manufacturer Market Share in 2022
3.5 Medical Air Disinfection Machine Market: Overall Company Footprint Analysis
3.5.1 Medical Air Disinfection Machine Market: Region Footprint
3.5.2 Medical Air Disinfection Machine Market: Company Product Type Footprint
3.5.3 Medical Air Disinfection Machine Market: Company Product Application Footprint
3.6 New Market Entrants and Barriers to Market Entry
3.7 Mergers, Acquisition, Agreements, and Collaborations
4 Consumption Analysis by Region
4.1 Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Market Size by Region
4.1.1 Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Region (2018-2029)
4.1.2 Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value by Region (2018-2029)
4.1.3 Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Average Price by Region (2018-2029)
4.2 North America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value (2018-2029)
4.3 Europe Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value (2018-2029)
4.4 Asia-Pacific Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value (2018-2029)
4.5 South America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value (2018-2029)
4.6 Middle East and Africa Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value (2018-2029)
5 Market Segment by Type
5.1 Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
5.2 Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value by Type (2018-2029)
5.3 Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Average Price by Type (2018-2029)
6 Market Segment by Application
6.1 Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
6.2 Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value by Application (2018-2029)
6.3 Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Average Price by Application (2018-2029)
7 North America
7.1 North America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
7.2 North America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
7.3 North America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Market Size by Country
7.3.1 North America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2029)
7.3.2 North America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value by Country (2018-2029)
7.3.3 United States Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
7.3.4 Canada Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
7.3.5 Mexico Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
8 Europe
8.1 Europe Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
8.2 Europe Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
8.3 Europe Medical Air Disinfection Machine Market Size by Country
8.3.1 Europe Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2029)
8.3.2 Europe Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value by Country (2018-2029)
8.3.3 Germany Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
8.3.4 France Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
8.3.5 United Kingdom Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
8.3.6 Russia Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
8.3.7 Italy Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9 Asia-Pacific
9.1 Asia-Pacific Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
9.2 Asia-Pacific Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
9.3 Asia-Pacific Medical Air Disinfection Machine Market Size by Region
9.3.1 Asia-Pacific Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Region (2018-2029)
9.3.2 Asia-Pacific Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value by Region (2018-2029)
9.3.3 China Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9.3.4 Japan Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9.3.5 Korea Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9.3.6 India Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9.3.7 Southeast Asia Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9.3.8 Australia Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
10 South America
10.1 South America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
10.2 South America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
10.3 South America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Market Size by Country
10.3.1 South America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2029)
10.3.2 South America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value by Country (2018-2029)
10.3.3 Brazil Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
10.3.4 Argentina Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
11 Middle East & Africa
11.1 Middle East & Africa Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
11.2 Middle East & Africa Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
11.3 Middle East & Africa Medical Air Disinfection Machine Market Size by Country
11.3.1 Middle East & Africa Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2029)
11.3.2 Middle East & Africa Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value by Country (2018-2029)
11.3.3 Turkey Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
11.3.4 Egypt Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
11.3.5 Saudi Arabia Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
11.3.6 South Africa Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
12 Market Dynamics
12.1 Medical Air Disinfection Machine Market Drivers
12.2 Medical Air Disinfection Machine Market Restraints
12.3 Medical Air Disinfection Machine Trends Analysis
12.4 Porters Five Forces Analysis
12.4.1 Threat of New Entrants
12.4.2 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
12.4.3 Bargaining Power of Buyers
12.4.4 Threat of Substitutes
12.4.5 Competitive Rivalry
12.5 Influence of COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine War
12.5.1 Influence of COVID-19
12.5.2 Influence of Russia-Ukraine War
13 Raw Material and Industry Chain
13.1 Raw Material of Medical Air Disinfection Machine and Key Manufacturers
13.2 Manufacturing Costs Percentage of Medical Air Disinfection Machine
13.3 Medical Air Disinfection Machine Production Process
13.4 Medical Air Disinfection Machine Industrial Chain
14 Shipments by Distribution Channel
14.1 Sales Channel
14.1.1 Direct to End-User
14.1.2 Distributors
14.2 Medical Air Disinfection Machine Typical Distributors
14.3 Medical Air Disinfection Machine Typical Customers
15 Research Findings and Conclusion
16 Appendix
16.1 Methodology
16.2 Research Process and Data Source
16.3 Disclaimer
List of Tables
Table 1. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value by Type, (USD Million), 2018 & 2022 & 2029
Table 2. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value by Application, (USD Million), 2018 & 2022 & 2029
Table 3. Laoken Medical Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 4. Laoken Medical Major Business
Table 5. Laoken Medical Medical Air Disinfection Machine Product and Services
Table 6. Laoken Medical Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 7. Laoken Medical Recent Developments/Updates
Table 8. Novaerus Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 9. Novaerus Major Business
Table 10. Novaerus Medical Air Disinfection Machine Product and Services
Table 11. Novaerus Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 12. Novaerus Recent Developments/Updates
Table 13. Sichuan Aojie Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 14. Sichuan Aojie Major Business
Table 15. Sichuan Aojie Medical Air Disinfection Machine Product and Services
Table 16. Sichuan Aojie Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 17. Sichuan Aojie Recent Developments/Updates
Table 18. Kengewang Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 19. Kengewang Major Business
Table 20. Kengewang Medical Air Disinfection Machine Product and Services
Table 21. Kengewang Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 22. Kengewang Recent Developments/Updates
Table 23. BIOBASE Group Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 24. BIOBASE Group Major Business
Table 25. BIOBASE Group Medical Air Disinfection Machine Product and Services
Table 26. BIOBASE Group Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 27. BIOBASE Group Recent Developments/Updates
Table 28. SNGRADN Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 29. SNGRADN Major Business
Table 30. SNGRADN Medical Air Disinfection Machine Product and Services
Table 31. SNGRADN Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 32. SNGRADN Recent Developments/Updates
Table 33. Yuda Group Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 34. Yuda Group Major Business
Table 35. Yuda Group Medical Air Disinfection Machine Product and Services
Table 36. Yuda Group Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 37. Yuda Group Recent Developments/Updates
Table 38. Jiangsu Shen Xing Photoelectricity Medical Apparatus Co.,Ltd Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 39. Jiangsu Shen Xing Photoelectricity Medical Apparatus Co.,Ltd Major Business
Table 40. Jiangsu Shen Xing Photoelectricity Medical Apparatus Co.,Ltd Medical Air Disinfection Machine Product and Services
Table 41. Jiangsu Shen Xing Photoelectricity Medical Apparatus Co.,Ltd Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 42. Jiangsu Shen Xing Photoelectricity Medical Apparatus Co.,Ltd Recent Developments/Updates
Table 43. Sterisafe Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 44. Sterisafe Major Business
Table 45. Sterisafe Medical Air Disinfection Machine Product and Services
Table 46. Sterisafe Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 47. Sterisafe Recent Developments/Updates
Table 48. Suzhou Hanbang Sterilizer Equipment Co., Ltd. Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 49. Suzhou Hanbang Sterilizer Equipment Co., Ltd. Major Business
Table 50. Suzhou Hanbang Sterilizer Equipment Co., Ltd. Medical Air Disinfection Machine Product and Services
Table 51. Suzhou Hanbang Sterilizer Equipment Co., Ltd. Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 52. Suzhou Hanbang Sterilizer Equipment Co., Ltd. Recent Developments/Updates
Table 53. Dongguan Leanda Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 54. Dongguan Leanda Major Business
Table 55. Dongguan Leanda Medical Air Disinfection Machine Product and Services
Table 56. Dongguan Leanda Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 57. Dongguan Leanda Recent Developments/Updates
Table 58. UVRER Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 59. UVRER Major Business
Table 60. UVRER Medical Air Disinfection Machine Product and Services
Table 61. UVRER Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 62. UVRER Recent Developments/Updates
Table 63. Kover SRL Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 64. Kover SRL Major Business
Table 65. Kover SRL Medical Air Disinfection Machine Product and Services
Table 66. Kover SRL Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 67. Kover SRL Recent Developments/Updates
Table 68. Shandong Jiajing Medical Technology Co.,Ltd Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 69. Shandong Jiajing Medical Technology Co.,Ltd Major Business
Table 70. Shandong Jiajing Medical Technology Co.,Ltd Medical Air Disinfection Machine Product and Services
Table 71. Shandong Jiajing Medical Technology Co.,Ltd Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 72. Shandong Jiajing Medical Technology Co.,Ltd Recent Developments/Updates
Table 73. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Manufacturer (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 74. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Revenue by Manufacturer (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 75. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Average Price by Manufacturer (2018-2023) & (US$/Unit)
Table 76. Market Position of Manufacturers in Medical Air Disinfection Machine, (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3), Based on Consumption Value in 2022
Table 77. Head Office and Medical Air Disinfection Machine Production Site of Key Manufacturer
Table 78. Medical Air Disinfection Machine Market: Company Product Type Footprint
Table 79. Medical Air Disinfection Machine Market: Company Product Application Footprint
Table 80. Medical Air Disinfection Machine New Market Entrants and Barriers to Market Entry
Table 81. Medical Air Disinfection Machine Mergers, Acquisition, Agreements, and Collaborations
Table 82. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Region (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 83. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Region (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 84. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value by Region (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 85. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value by Region (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 86. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Average Price by Region (2018-2023) & (US$/Unit)
Table 87. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Average Price by Region (2024-2029) & (US$/Unit)
Table 88. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 89. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Type (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 90. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value by Type (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 91. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value by Type (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 92. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Average Price by Type (2018-2023) & (US$/Unit)
Table 93. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Average Price by Type (2024-2029) & (US$/Unit)
Table 94. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 95. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Application (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 96. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value by Application (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 97. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value by Application (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 98. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Average Price by Application (2018-2023) & (US$/Unit)
Table 99. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Average Price by Application (2024-2029) & (US$/Unit)
Table 100. North America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 101. North America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Type (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 102. North America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 103. North America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Application (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 104. North America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 105. North America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Country (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 106. North America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value by Country (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 107. North America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value by Country (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 108. Europe Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 109. Europe Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Type (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 110. Europe Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 111. Europe Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Application (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 112. Europe Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 113. Europe Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Country (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 114. Europe Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value by Country (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 115. Europe Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value by Country (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 116. Asia-Pacific Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 117. Asia-Pacific Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Type (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 118. Asia-Pacific Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 119. Asia-Pacific Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Application (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 120. Asia-Pacific Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Region (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 121. Asia-Pacific Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Region (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 122. Asia-Pacific Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value by Region (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 123. Asia-Pacific Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value by Region (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 124. South America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 125. South America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Type (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 126. South America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 127. South America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Application (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 128. South America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 129. South America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Country (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 130. South America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value by Country (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 131. South America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value by Country (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 132. Middle East & Africa Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 133. Middle East & Africa Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Type (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 134. Middle East & Africa Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 135. Middle East & Africa Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Application (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 136. Middle East & Africa Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Region (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 137. Middle East & Africa Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity by Region (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 138. Middle East & Africa Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value by Region (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 139. Middle East & Africa Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value by Region (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 140. Medical Air Disinfection Machine Raw Material
Table 141. Key Manufacturers of Medical Air Disinfection Machine Raw Materials
Table 142. Medical Air Disinfection Machine Typical Distributors
Table 143. Medical Air Disinfection Machine Typical Customers
List of Figures
Figure 1. Medical Air Disinfection Machine Picture
Figure 2. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value by Type, (USD Million), 2018 & 2022 & 2029
Figure 3. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value Market Share by Type in 2022
Figure 4. Wall-mounted Type Examples
Figure 5. Cabinet Type Examples
Figure 6. Mobile Type Examples
Figure 7. Others Examples
Figure 8. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value by Application, (USD Million), 2018 & 2022 & 2029
Figure 9. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value Market Share by Application in 2022
Figure 10. Hospital Examples
Figure 11. Clinic Examples
Figure 12. Others Examples
Figure 13. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value, (USD Million): 2018 & 2022 & 2029
Figure 14. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value and Forecast (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 15. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity (2018-2029) & (K Units)
Figure 16. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Average Price (2018-2029) & (US$/Unit)
Figure 17. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity Market Share by Manufacturer in 2022
Figure 18. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value Market Share by Manufacturer in 2022
Figure 19. Producer Shipments of Medical Air Disinfection Machine by Manufacturer Sales Quantity ($MM) and Market Share (%): 2021
Figure 20. Top 3 Medical Air Disinfection Machine Manufacturer (Consumption Value) Market Share in 2022
Figure 21. Top 6 Medical Air Disinfection Machine Manufacturer (Consumption Value) Market Share in 2022
Figure 22. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity Market Share by Region (2018-2029)
Figure 23. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value Market Share by Region (2018-2029)
Figure 24. North America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 25. Europe Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 26. Asia-Pacific Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 27. South America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 28. Middle East & Africa Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 29. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 30. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 31. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Average Price by Type (2018-2029) & (US$/Unit)
Figure 32. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 33. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 34. Global Medical Air Disinfection Machine Average Price by Application (2018-2029) & (US$/Unit)
Figure 35. North America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 36. North America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 37. North America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity Market Share by Country (2018-2029)
Figure 38. North America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value Market Share by Country (2018-2029)
Figure 39. United States Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 40. Canada Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 41. Mexico Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 42. Europe Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 43. Europe Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 44. Europe Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity Market Share by Country (2018-2029)
Figure 45. Europe Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value Market Share by Country (2018-2029)
Figure 46. Germany Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 47. France Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 48. United Kingdom Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 49. Russia Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 50. Italy Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 51. Asia-Pacific Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 52. Asia-Pacific Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 53. Asia-Pacific Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity Market Share by Region (2018-2029)
Figure 54. Asia-Pacific Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value Market Share by Region (2018-2029)
Figure 55. China Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 56. Japan Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 57. Korea Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 58. India Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 59. Southeast Asia Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 60. Australia Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 61. South America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 62. South America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 63. South America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity Market Share by Country (2018-2029)
Figure 64. South America Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value Market Share by Country (2018-2029)
Figure 65. Brazil Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 66. Argentina Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 67. Middle East & Africa Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 68. Middle East & Africa Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 69. Middle East & Africa Medical Air Disinfection Machine Sales Quantity Market Share by Region (2018-2029)
Figure 70. Middle East & Africa Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value Market Share by Region (2018-2029)
Figure 71. Turkey Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 72. Egypt Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 73. Saudi Arabia Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 74. South Africa Medical Air Disinfection Machine Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 75. Medical Air Disinfection Machine Market Drivers
Figure 76. Medical Air Disinfection Machine Market Restraints
Figure 77. Medical Air Disinfection Machine Market Trends
Figure 78. Porters Five Forces Analysis
Figure 79. Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Medical Air Disinfection Machine in 2022
Figure 80. Manufacturing Process Analysis of Medical Air Disinfection Machine
Figure 81. Medical Air Disinfection Machine Industrial Chain
Figure 82. Sales Quantity Channel: Direct to End-User vs Distributors
Figure 83. Direct Channel Pros & Cons
Figure 84. Indirect Channel Pros & Cons
Figure 85. Methodology
Figure 86. Research Process and Data Source
