Market Outlook
The global Blood Collection Tubes market size was valued at USD 4151.8 million in 2022 and is forecast to a readjusted size of USD 5435.5 million by 2029 with a CAGR of 3.9% during review period.
A Blood Collection is a sterile glass or plastic tube with a closure that is evacuated to create a vacuum inside the tube facilitating the draw of a predetermined volume of liquid. Most commonly used to collect blood samples in venipuncture, they are also used as urine collection tubes and as serum separator tubes. Blood Collection Tubes may contain additives designed to stabilize and preserve the specimen prior to analytical testing. Tubes are available with or without a safety-engineered closure, with a variety of labeling options and closure colors as well as a range of draw volumes.
Global Blood Collection Tubes key players include BD, Terumo, GBO, Medtronic, Sekisui, etc. Global top five manufacturers hold a share over 50%. China is the largest market, with a share about 30%, followed by Europe, and North America, both have a share about 55 percent. In terms of product, EDTA Tubes is the largest segment, with a share over 40%. And in terms of application, the largest application is Venous Blood Collection, followed by Capillary Blood Collection.
This report is a detailed and comprehensive analysis for global Blood Collection Tubes market. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses are presented by manufacturers, by region & country, by Type and by Application. As the market is constantly changing, this report explores the competition, supply and demand trends, as well as key factors that contribute to its changing demands across many markets. Company profiles and product examples of selected competitors, along with market share estimates of some of the selected leaders for the year 2023, are provided.
Key Features:
Global Blood Collection Tubes market size and forecasts, in consumption value ($ Million), sales quantity (M Units), and average selling prices (USD/Unit), 2018-2029
Global Blood Collection Tubes market size and forecasts by region and country, in consumption value ($ Million), sales quantity (M Units), and average selling prices (USD/Unit), 2018-2029
Global Blood Collection Tubes market size and forecasts, by Type and by Application, in consumption value ($ Million), sales quantity (M Units), and average selling prices (USD/Unit), 2018-2029
Global Blood Collection Tubes market shares of main players, shipments in revenue ($ Million), sales quantity (M Units), and ASP (USD/Unit), 2018-2023
The Primary Objectives in This Report Are:
To determine the size of the total market opportunity of global and key countries
To assess the growth potential for Blood Collection Tubes
To forecast future growth in each product and end-use market
To assess competitive factors affecting the marketplace
This report profiles key players in the global Blood Collection Tubes market based on the following parameters - company overview, production, value, price, gross margin, product portfolio, geographical presence, and key developments.
This report also provides key insights about market drivers, restraints, opportunities, new product launches or approvals, COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine War Influence.
Key Market Players
BD
Terumo
GBO
Medtronic
Sekisui
Sarstedt
FL Medical
Hongyu Medical
Improve Medical
TUD
Sanli
Gong Dong
CDRICH
Narang Medical
Segmentation By Type
Serum Separating Tubes
EDTA Tubes
Plasma Separation Tubes
Others
Segmentation By Application
Venous Blood Collection
Capillary Blood Collection
Segmentation By Region
North America (United States, Canada and Mexico)
Europe (Germany, France, United Kingdom, Russia, Italy, and Rest of Europe)
Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, Korea, India, Southeast Asia, and Australia)
South America (Brazil, Argentina, Colombia, and Rest of South America)
Middle East & Africa (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt, South Africa, and Rest of Middle East & Africa)
Market SWOT Analysis
What are the strengths of the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
The blood collection tubes market in 2025 benefits from advancements in technology, providing more efficient and safer products. Increased awareness about early disease detection and the growing need for diagnostic testing further drive the demand. Strong healthcare infrastructure and rising global health concerns also contribute to market growth.
What are the weaknesses of the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
Despite the growth, challenges include high costs for advanced blood collection tubes and a lack of uniformity in regulations across regions. Additionally, some healthcare facilities may face difficulties in adapting to new technology, and there may be logistical issues in ensuring consistent quality.
What are the opportunities for the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
There are opportunities for market expansion in emerging markets due to increasing healthcare access and a rise in chronic diseases. Innovations such as needle-free collection systems, eco-friendly materials, and integration with digital health solutions can enhance the market’s appeal. Additionally, a growing focus on personalized medicine presents further opportunities for specialized blood collection tubes.
What are the threats to the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
Threats include the potential for regulatory hurdles, price competition among manufacturers, and the impact of global economic downturns that could affect healthcare spending. The market also faces the challenge of potential disruptions from alternative diagnostic technologies, such as non-invasive testing methods.
Market PESTEL Analysis
What are the political factors influencing the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
Political factors such as government regulations on healthcare standards, approval processes for medical devices, and regional policies on medical waste management play a significant role. Changes in healthcare funding or political instability could affect market dynamics, particularly in developing regions.
What are the economic factors influencing the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
Economic conditions, including the availability of healthcare funding and investment in healthcare infrastructure, directly impact the market. In periods of economic growth, there is an increased demand for diagnostic tools, while economic downturns may lead to budget cuts in healthcare services, potentially limiting market expansion.
What are the social factors influencing the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
Increasing awareness of health and wellness, along with a rise in preventive care and regular health check-ups, is driving demand for blood tests and, consequently, blood collection tubes. Additionally, an aging population and the rise in chronic diseases further contribute to the growing market demand.
What are the technological factors influencing the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
Technological advancements such as the development of automated blood collection systems, needle-free collection methods, and smart blood collection tubes with digital tracking are transforming the market. Innovations aimed at reducing contamination risks and improving sample preservation are key trends in the market.
What are the environmental factors influencing the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
Environmental concerns about the use of plastics in blood collection tubes have led to an increased focus on developing eco-friendly alternatives, such as biodegradable or recyclable materials. Regulations related to waste disposal and sustainability practices will also influence product development and manufacturing processes.
What are the legal factors influencing the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
Legal factors include strict regulatory requirements for medical devices, which ensure the safety and effectiveness of blood collection tubes. Manufacturers must comply with standards set by health authorities such as the FDA, EMA, and others. Legal challenges may arise in case of product recalls or patent disputes.
Market SIPOC Analysis
What are the suppliers involved in the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
Suppliers in the blood collection tubes market include manufacturers of raw materials like plastic, glass, and rubber, as well as specialized suppliers of additives such as anticoagulants and preservatives. Equipment suppliers for automated manufacturing processes also play a role in ensuring quality and efficiency in production.
What are the inputs required in the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
Key inputs include raw materials for tube construction, additives for blood preservation, labor, and manufacturing equipment. Technological innovations, such as automation and quality control systems, are also essential to ensure the production of high-quality blood collection tubes.
What are the processes involved in the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
Processes in the blood collection tubes market include raw material sourcing, manufacturing, quality control, packaging, and distribution. The production process involves molding the tubes, adding necessary additives, ensuring sterilization, and conducting rigorous testing to meet regulatory standards before distribution.
What are the outputs of the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
The primary output is the blood collection tubes, which are distributed to healthcare facilities such as hospitals, clinics, and laboratories. These tubes come in various types, including those with specific additives for different tests, and are essential for blood sample collection, transportation, and testing.
What are the customers in the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
Customers include healthcare providers, laboratories, diagnostic centers, research institutions, and pharmaceutical companies. The growing demand from hospitals, clinics, and testing facilities driven by increased diagnostic testing also contributes to the market's customer base.
Market Porter's Five Forces
What is the threat of new entrants in the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
The threat of new entrants is moderate. While there are high barriers to entry due to strict regulatory requirements and the need for significant investment in manufacturing technology, the growing demand for blood collection tubes presents opportunities for new players. However, established brands with strong market presence and trust maintain a competitive advantage.
What is the bargaining power of suppliers in the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
The bargaining power of suppliers is moderate. Suppliers of raw materials, such as plastics, glass, and additives, hold some power, but the availability of multiple suppliers and alternatives limits their leverage. Manufacturers can switch suppliers to maintain cost efficiency, although specialized materials may reduce supplier choices.
What is the bargaining power of buyers in the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
The bargaining power of buyers is moderate to high. Large healthcare institutions and diagnostic centers can negotiate prices and demand high-quality products. However, smaller clinics and hospitals may have less bargaining power, relying on trusted suppliers for consistency in product quality and availability.
What is the threat of substitute products in the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
The threat of substitutes is low. While there are alternative blood sample collection methods, such as microfluidic devices and needle-free technologies, blood collection tubes remain the standard for various types of diagnostic tests. However, emerging technologies may influence the market over time.
What is the intensity of competitive rivalry in the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
The intensity of competitive rivalry is high. The market consists of several established global players, as well as regional manufacturers, all competing on product quality, pricing, innovation, and customer service. This results in aggressive marketing and continuous innovation to maintain or expand market share.
Market Upstream Analysis
What are the key raw materials needed for blood collection tubes in 2025?
The primary raw materials required include plastics (such as PET or polypropylene), glass for certain tube types, rubber for closures, and specialized additives like anticoagulants, preservatives, and clot activators. These materials ensure the tube’s integrity, functionality, and compatibility with various blood tests.
What are the key suppliers in the upstream segment of the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
Suppliers of raw materials such as plastic manufacturers, glass producers, and rubber suppliers play a vital role. Additionally, suppliers of specialized chemical additives, like heparin and EDTA for anticoagulation, are crucial. Equipment suppliers providing machinery for tube manufacturing also contribute to the upstream segment.
How does technological advancement impact the upstream segment of the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
Technological advancements in automation, material science, and manufacturing processes significantly improve the efficiency and quality of production. Innovations in materials, such as eco-friendly plastics or biodegradable options, are also shaping the upstream segment. Improved technology helps reduce waste and enhances consistency in the final product.
What are the regulatory factors affecting the upstream supply chain of the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
Regulatory compliance is critical in the upstream supply chain. Suppliers of raw materials must meet stringent regulations set by health authorities such as the FDA, EMA, or ISO standards for medical devices. These regulations ensure safety, product quality, and traceability throughout the supply chain.
What are the challenges faced by the upstream supply chain in the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
Challenges include volatility in raw material prices, especially for plastics and rubber, which can affect production costs. Supply chain disruptions, such as shortages in raw materials or transportation delays, can also impact manufacturing timelines. Moreover, meeting increasing demand for sustainable and eco-friendly materials presents both an opportunity and a challenge.
Market Midstream Analysis
What are the key activities in the midstream segment of the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
The midstream segment primarily involves the manufacturing, quality control, and packaging of blood collection tubes. This includes molding the tubes, adding necessary additives (such as anticoagulants), sterilization, and rigorous testing to meet regulatory standards. After production, the tubes are packaged and prepared for distribution to healthcare providers.
How do supply chain logistics impact the midstream segment of the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
Logistics play a crucial role in ensuring timely delivery of blood collection tubes to various healthcare facilities and laboratories. Efficient distribution channels, including warehousing and transportation, are vital to maintain the flow of products and reduce lead times. Any disruption in logistics can lead to stockouts, delaying critical diagnostic procedures.
What are the technological advancements affecting the midstream segment in the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
Technological innovations in automation and quality assurance are significantly impacting the midstream segment. Automated systems for production and inspection ensure consistency and reduce human error. Additionally, advancements in smart blood collection tubes with digital tracking and monitoring systems are beginning to shape the manufacturing process.
What are the regulatory challenges faced in the midstream segment of the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
Manufacturers must comply with stringent regulatory standards set by health authorities, such as FDA, ISO, and EMA. These regulations ensure the safety and reliability of blood collection tubes, but they also pose challenges, including the need for regular audits, adherence to updated compliance protocols, and extensive documentation for quality control.
What are the market trends shaping the midstream segment of the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
Trends such as increased demand for eco-friendly and sustainable materials are influencing the midstream market. Additionally, the adoption of automation in manufacturing processes is enhancing production efficiency. There is also growing demand for specialized tubes tailored to different diagnostic tests, requiring flexibility and innovation from manufacturers in the midstream segment.
Market Downstream Analysis
What are the key activities in the downstream segment of the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
The downstream segment involves the distribution, sales, and use of blood collection tubes in healthcare settings such as hospitals, diagnostic labs, and clinics. This includes educating healthcare providers on product usage, maintaining inventory, and ensuring the timely delivery of blood collection tubes to end-users.
How do distribution channels impact the downstream segment of the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
Distribution channels play a critical role in ensuring the availability of blood collection tubes in various healthcare settings. Efficient partnerships with wholesalers, distributors, and direct sales teams help maintain product availability and manage the supply chain to meet the increasing demand from healthcare institutions.
What are the customer needs driving the downstream segment in the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
Customers are increasingly seeking blood collection tubes that offer reliability, ease of use, and compatibility with a wide range of diagnostic tests. There is also a growing demand for tubes with specialized additives to preserve specific blood components. Additionally, the healthcare sector is becoming more focused on sustainability, driving demand for eco-friendly and recyclable products.
How do regulatory requirements affect the downstream segment of the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
Regulatory compliance in the downstream segment is crucial as healthcare providers rely on blood collection tubes that meet strict safety and quality standards. Compliance with international and local regulations ensures that these tubes are safe for use in diagnostic tests. Healthcare providers must stay updated with changing regulations to avoid the use of outdated or non-compliant products.
What are the market trends influencing the downstream segment of the blood collection tubes market in 2025?
Market trends include a growing emphasis on personalized medicine, which requires more specialized blood collection tubes for specific tests. The rise of home-based diagnostics and telemedicine also contributes to the demand for easy-to-use blood collection tubes for remote sample collection. Additionally, the shift towards sustainability is influencing the demand for recyclable and environmentally friendly products in the downstream segment.
Chapter 1, to describe Blood Collection Tubes product scope, market overview, market estimation caveats and base year.
Chapter 2, to profile the top manufacturers of Blood Collection Tubes, with price, sales, revenue and global market share of Blood Collection Tubes from 2018 to 2023.
Chapter 3, the Blood Collection Tubes competitive situation, sales quantity, revenue and global market share of top manufacturers are analyzed emphatically by landscape contrast.
Chapter 4, the Blood Collection Tubes breakdown data are shown at the regional level, to show the sales quantity, consumption value and growth by regions, from 2018 to 2029.
Chapter 5 and 6, to segment the sales by Type and application, with sales market share and growth rate by type, application, from 2018 to 2029.
Chapter 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11, to break the sales data at the country level, with sales quantity, consumption value and market share for key countries in the world, from 2017 to 2022.and Blood Collection Tubes market forecast, by regions, type and application, with sales and revenue, from 2024 to 2029.
Chapter 12, market dynamics, drivers, restraints, trends, Porters Five Forces analysis, and Influence of COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine War.
Chapter 13, the key raw materials and key suppliers, and industry chain of Blood Collection Tubes.
Chapter 14 and 15, to describe Blood Collection Tubes sales channel, distributors, customers, research findings and conclusion.
1 Market Overview
1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Blood Collection Tubes
1.2 Market Estimation Caveats and Base Year
1.3 Market Analysis by Type
1.3.1 Overview: Global Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value by Type: 2018 Versus 2022 Versus 2029
1.3.2 Serum Separating Tubes
1.3.3 EDTA Tubes
1.3.4 Plasma Separation Tubes
1.3.5 Others
1.4 Market Analysis by Application
1.4.1 Overview: Global Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value by Application: 2018 Versus 2022 Versus 2029
1.4.2 Venous Blood Collection
1.4.3 Capillary Blood Collection
1.5 Global Blood Collection Tubes Market Size & Forecast
1.5.1 Global Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value (2018 & 2022 & 2029)
1.5.2 Global Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity (2018-2029)
1.5.3 Global Blood Collection Tubes Average Price (2018-2029)
2 Manufacturers Profiles
2.1 BD
2.1.1 BD Details
2.1.2 BD Major Business
2.1.3 BD Blood Collection Tubes Product and Services
2.1.4 BD Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.1.5 BD Recent Developments/Updates
2.2 Terumo
2.2.1 Terumo Details
2.2.2 Terumo Major Business
2.2.3 Terumo Blood Collection Tubes Product and Services
2.2.4 Terumo Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.2.5 Terumo Recent Developments/Updates
2.3 GBO
2.3.1 GBO Details
2.3.2 GBO Major Business
2.3.3 GBO Blood Collection Tubes Product and Services
2.3.4 GBO Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.3.5 GBO Recent Developments/Updates
2.4 Medtronic
2.4.1 Medtronic Details
2.4.2 Medtronic Major Business
2.4.3 Medtronic Blood Collection Tubes Product and Services
2.4.4 Medtronic Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.4.5 Medtronic Recent Developments/Updates
2.5 Sekisui
2.5.1 Sekisui Details
2.5.2 Sekisui Major Business
2.5.3 Sekisui Blood Collection Tubes Product and Services
2.5.4 Sekisui Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.5.5 Sekisui Recent Developments/Updates
2.6 Sarstedt
2.6.1 Sarstedt Details
2.6.2 Sarstedt Major Business
2.6.3 Sarstedt Blood Collection Tubes Product and Services
2.6.4 Sarstedt Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.6.5 Sarstedt Recent Developments/Updates
2.7 FL Medical
2.7.1 FL Medical Details
2.7.2 FL Medical Major Business
2.7.3 FL Medical Blood Collection Tubes Product and Services
2.7.4 FL Medical Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.7.5 FL Medical Recent Developments/Updates
2.8 Hongyu Medical
2.8.1 Hongyu Medical Details
2.8.2 Hongyu Medical Major Business
2.8.3 Hongyu Medical Blood Collection Tubes Product and Services
2.8.4 Hongyu Medical Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.8.5 Hongyu Medical Recent Developments/Updates
2.9 Improve Medical
2.9.1 Improve Medical Details
2.9.2 Improve Medical Major Business
2.9.3 Improve Medical Blood Collection Tubes Product and Services
2.9.4 Improve Medical Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.9.5 Improve Medical Recent Developments/Updates
2.10 TUD
2.10.1 TUD Details
2.10.2 TUD Major Business
2.10.3 TUD Blood Collection Tubes Product and Services
2.10.4 TUD Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.10.5 TUD Recent Developments/Updates
2.11 Sanli
2.11.1 Sanli Details
2.11.2 Sanli Major Business
2.11.3 Sanli Blood Collection Tubes Product and Services
2.11.4 Sanli Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.11.5 Sanli Recent Developments/Updates
2.12 Gong Dong
2.12.1 Gong Dong Details
2.12.2 Gong Dong Major Business
2.12.3 Gong Dong Blood Collection Tubes Product and Services
2.12.4 Gong Dong Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.12.5 Gong Dong Recent Developments/Updates
2.13 CDRICH
2.13.1 CDRICH Details
2.13.2 CDRICH Major Business
2.13.3 CDRICH Blood Collection Tubes Product and Services
2.13.4 CDRICH Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.13.5 CDRICH Recent Developments/Updates
2.14 Narang Medical
2.14.1 Narang Medical Details
2.14.2 Narang Medical Major Business
2.14.3 Narang Medical Blood Collection Tubes Product and Services
2.14.4 Narang Medical Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.14.5 Narang Medical Recent Developments/Updates
3 Competitive Environment: Blood Collection Tubes by Manufacturer
3.1 Global Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Manufacturer (2018-2023)
3.2 Global Blood Collection Tubes Revenue by Manufacturer (2018-2023)
3.3 Global Blood Collection Tubes Average Price by Manufacturer (2018-2023)
3.4 Market Share Analysis (2022)
3.4.1 Producer Shipments of Blood Collection Tubes by Manufacturer Revenue ($MM) and Market Share (%): 2022
3.4.2 Top 3 Blood Collection Tubes Manufacturer Market Share in 2022
3.4.2 Top 6 Blood Collection Tubes Manufacturer Market Share in 2022
3.5 Blood Collection Tubes Market: Overall Company Footprint Analysis
3.5.1 Blood Collection Tubes Market: Region Footprint
3.5.2 Blood Collection Tubes Market: Company Product Type Footprint
3.5.3 Blood Collection Tubes Market: Company Product Application Footprint
3.6 New Market Entrants and Barriers to Market Entry
3.7 Mergers, Acquisition, Agreements, and Collaborations
4 Consumption Analysis by Region
4.1 Global Blood Collection Tubes Market Size by Region
4.1.1 Global Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Region (2018-2029)
4.1.2 Global Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value by Region (2018-2029)
4.1.3 Global Blood Collection Tubes Average Price by Region (2018-2029)
4.2 North America Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value (2018-2029)
4.3 Europe Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value (2018-2029)
4.4 Asia-Pacific Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value (2018-2029)
4.5 South America Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value (2018-2029)
4.6 Middle East and Africa Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value (2018-2029)
5 Market Segment by Type
5.1 Global Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
5.2 Global Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value by Type (2018-2029)
5.3 Global Blood Collection Tubes Average Price by Type (2018-2029)
6 Market Segment by Application
6.1 Global Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
6.2 Global Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value by Application (2018-2029)
6.3 Global Blood Collection Tubes Average Price by Application (2018-2029)
7 North America
7.1 North America Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
7.2 North America Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
7.3 North America Blood Collection Tubes Market Size by Country
7.3.1 North America Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2029)
7.3.2 North America Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value by Country (2018-2029)
7.3.3 United States Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
7.3.4 Canada Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
7.3.5 Mexico Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
8 Europe
8.1 Europe Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
8.2 Europe Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
8.3 Europe Blood Collection Tubes Market Size by Country
8.3.1 Europe Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2029)
8.3.2 Europe Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value by Country (2018-2029)
8.3.3 Germany Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
8.3.4 France Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
8.3.5 United Kingdom Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
8.3.6 Russia Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
8.3.7 Italy Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9 Asia-Pacific
9.1 Asia-Pacific Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
9.2 Asia-Pacific Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
9.3 Asia-Pacific Blood Collection Tubes Market Size by Region
9.3.1 Asia-Pacific Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Region (2018-2029)
9.3.2 Asia-Pacific Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value by Region (2018-2029)
9.3.3 China Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9.3.4 Japan Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9.3.5 Korea Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9.3.6 India Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9.3.7 Southeast Asia Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9.3.8 Australia Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
10 South America
10.1 South America Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
10.2 South America Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
10.3 South America Blood Collection Tubes Market Size by Country
10.3.1 South America Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2029)
10.3.2 South America Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value by Country (2018-2029)
10.3.3 Brazil Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
10.3.4 Argentina Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
11 Middle East & Africa
11.1 Middle East & Africa Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
11.2 Middle East & Africa Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
11.3 Middle East & Africa Blood Collection Tubes Market Size by Country
11.3.1 Middle East & Africa Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2029)
11.3.2 Middle East & Africa Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value by Country (2018-2029)
11.3.3 Turkey Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
11.3.4 Egypt Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
11.3.5 Saudi Arabia Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
11.3.6 South Africa Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
12 Market Dynamics
12.1 Blood Collection Tubes Market Drivers
12.2 Blood Collection Tubes Market Restraints
12.3 Blood Collection Tubes Trends Analysis
12.4 Porters Five Forces Analysis
12.4.1 Threat of New Entrants
12.4.2 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
12.4.3 Bargaining Power of Buyers
12.4.4 Threat of Substitutes
12.4.5 Competitive Rivalry
12.5 Influence of COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine War
12.5.1 Influence of COVID-19
12.5.2 Influence of Russia-Ukraine War
13 Raw Material and Industry Chain
13.1 Raw Material of Blood Collection Tubes and Key Manufacturers
13.2 Manufacturing Costs Percentage of Blood Collection Tubes
13.3 Blood Collection Tubes Production Process
13.4 Blood Collection Tubes Industrial Chain
14 Shipments by Distribution Channel
14.1 Sales Channel
14.1.1 Direct to End-User
14.1.2 Distributors
14.2 Blood Collection Tubes Typical Distributors
14.3 Blood Collection Tubes Typical Customers
15 Research Findings and Conclusion
16 Appendix
16.1 Methodology
16.2 Research Process and Data Source
16.3 Disclaimer
List of Tables
Table 1. Global Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value by Type, (USD Million), 2018 & 2022 & 2029
Table 2. Global Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value by Application, (USD Million), 2018 & 2022 & 2029
Table 3. BD Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 4. BD Major Business
Table 5. BD Blood Collection Tubes Product and Services
Table 6. BD Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity (M Units), Average Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 7. BD Recent Developments/Updates
Table 8. Terumo Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 9. Terumo Major Business
Table 10. Terumo Blood Collection Tubes Product and Services
Table 11. Terumo Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity (M Units), Average Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 12. Terumo Recent Developments/Updates
Table 13. GBO Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 14. GBO Major Business
Table 15. GBO Blood Collection Tubes Product and Services
Table 16. GBO Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity (M Units), Average Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 17. GBO Recent Developments/Updates
Table 18. Medtronic Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 19. Medtronic Major Business
Table 20. Medtronic Blood Collection Tubes Product and Services
Table 21. Medtronic Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity (M Units), Average Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 22. Medtronic Recent Developments/Updates
Table 23. Sekisui Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 24. Sekisui Major Business
Table 25. Sekisui Blood Collection Tubes Product and Services
Table 26. Sekisui Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity (M Units), Average Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 27. Sekisui Recent Developments/Updates
Table 28. Sarstedt Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 29. Sarstedt Major Business
Table 30. Sarstedt Blood Collection Tubes Product and Services
Table 31. Sarstedt Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity (M Units), Average Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 32. Sarstedt Recent Developments/Updates
Table 33. FL Medical Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 34. FL Medical Major Business
Table 35. FL Medical Blood Collection Tubes Product and Services
Table 36. FL Medical Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity (M Units), Average Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 37. FL Medical Recent Developments/Updates
Table 38. Hongyu Medical Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 39. Hongyu Medical Major Business
Table 40. Hongyu Medical Blood Collection Tubes Product and Services
Table 41. Hongyu Medical Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity (M Units), Average Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 42. Hongyu Medical Recent Developments/Updates
Table 43. Improve Medical Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 44. Improve Medical Major Business
Table 45. Improve Medical Blood Collection Tubes Product and Services
Table 46. Improve Medical Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity (M Units), Average Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 47. Improve Medical Recent Developments/Updates
Table 48. TUD Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 49. TUD Major Business
Table 50. TUD Blood Collection Tubes Product and Services
Table 51. TUD Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity (M Units), Average Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 52. TUD Recent Developments/Updates
Table 53. Sanli Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 54. Sanli Major Business
Table 55. Sanli Blood Collection Tubes Product and Services
Table 56. Sanli Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity (M Units), Average Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 57. Sanli Recent Developments/Updates
Table 58. Gong Dong Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 59. Gong Dong Major Business
Table 60. Gong Dong Blood Collection Tubes Product and Services
Table 61. Gong Dong Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity (M Units), Average Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 62. Gong Dong Recent Developments/Updates
Table 63. CDRICH Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 64. CDRICH Major Business
Table 65. CDRICH Blood Collection Tubes Product and Services
Table 66. CDRICH Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity (M Units), Average Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 67. CDRICH Recent Developments/Updates
Table 68. Narang Medical Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 69. Narang Medical Major Business
Table 70. Narang Medical Blood Collection Tubes Product and Services
Table 71. Narang Medical Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity (M Units), Average Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 72. Narang Medical Recent Developments/Updates
Table 73. Global Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Manufacturer (2018-2023) & (M Units)
Table 74. Global Blood Collection Tubes Revenue by Manufacturer (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 75. Global Blood Collection Tubes Average Price by Manufacturer (2018-2023) & (USD/Unit)
Table 76. Market Position of Manufacturers in Blood Collection Tubes, (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3), Based on Consumption Value in 2022
Table 77. Head Office and Blood Collection Tubes Production Site of Key Manufacturer
Table 78. Blood Collection Tubes Market: Company Product Type Footprint
Table 79. Blood Collection Tubes Market: Company Product Application Footprint
Table 80. Blood Collection Tubes New Market Entrants and Barriers to Market Entry
Table 81. Blood Collection Tubes Mergers, Acquisition, Agreements, and Collaborations
Table 82. Global Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Region (2018-2023) & (M Units)
Table 83. Global Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Region (2024-2029) & (M Units)
Table 84. Global Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value by Region (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 85. Global Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value by Region (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 86. Global Blood Collection Tubes Average Price by Region (2018-2023) & (USD/Unit)
Table 87. Global Blood Collection Tubes Average Price by Region (2024-2029) & (USD/Unit)
Table 88. Global Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2023) & (M Units)
Table 89. Global Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Type (2024-2029) & (M Units)
Table 90. Global Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value by Type (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 91. Global Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value by Type (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 92. Global Blood Collection Tubes Average Price by Type (2018-2023) & (USD/Unit)
Table 93. Global Blood Collection Tubes Average Price by Type (2024-2029) & (USD/Unit)
Table 94. Global Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2023) & (M Units)
Table 95. Global Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Application (2024-2029) & (M Units)
Table 96. Global Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value by Application (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 97. Global Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value by Application (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 98. Global Blood Collection Tubes Average Price by Application (2018-2023) & (USD/Unit)
Table 99. Global Blood Collection Tubes Average Price by Application (2024-2029) & (USD/Unit)
Table 100. North America Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2023) & (M Units)
Table 101. North America Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Type (2024-2029) & (M Units)
Table 102. North America Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2023) & (M Units)
Table 103. North America Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Application (2024-2029) & (M Units)
Table 104. North America Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2023) & (M Units)
Table 105. North America Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Country (2024-2029) & (M Units)
Table 106. North America Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value by Country (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 107. North America Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value by Country (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 108. Europe Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2023) & (M Units)
Table 109. Europe Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Type (2024-2029) & (M Units)
Table 110. Europe Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2023) & (M Units)
Table 111. Europe Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Application (2024-2029) & (M Units)
Table 112. Europe Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2023) & (M Units)
Table 113. Europe Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Country (2024-2029) & (M Units)
Table 114. Europe Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value by Country (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 115. Europe Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value by Country (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 116. Asia-Pacific Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2023) & (M Units)
Table 117. Asia-Pacific Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Type (2024-2029) & (M Units)
Table 118. Asia-Pacific Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2023) & (M Units)
Table 119. Asia-Pacific Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Application (2024-2029) & (M Units)
Table 120. Asia-Pacific Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Region (2018-2023) & (M Units)
Table 121. Asia-Pacific Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Region (2024-2029) & (M Units)
Table 122. Asia-Pacific Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value by Region (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 123. Asia-Pacific Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value by Region (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 124. South America Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2023) & (M Units)
Table 125. South America Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Type (2024-2029) & (M Units)
Table 126. South America Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2023) & (M Units)
Table 127. South America Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Application (2024-2029) & (M Units)
Table 128. South America Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2023) & (M Units)
Table 129. South America Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Country (2024-2029) & (M Units)
Table 130. South America Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value by Country (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 131. South America Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value by Country (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 132. Middle East & Africa Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2023) & (M Units)
Table 133. Middle East & Africa Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Type (2024-2029) & (M Units)
Table 134. Middle East & Africa Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2023) & (M Units)
Table 135. Middle East & Africa Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Application (2024-2029) & (M Units)
Table 136. Middle East & Africa Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Region (2018-2023) & (M Units)
Table 137. Middle East & Africa Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity by Region (2024-2029) & (M Units)
Table 138. Middle East & Africa Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value by Region (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 139. Middle East & Africa Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value by Region (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 140. Blood Collection Tubes Raw Material
Table 141. Key Manufacturers of Blood Collection Tubes Raw Materials
Table 142. Blood Collection Tubes Typical Distributors
Table 143. Blood Collection Tubes Typical Customers
List of Figures
Figure 1. Blood Collection Tubes Picture
Figure 2. Global Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value by Type, (USD Million), 2018 & 2022 & 2029
Figure 3. Global Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value Market Share by Type in 2022
Figure 4. Serum Separating Tubes Examples
Figure 5. EDTA Tubes Examples
Figure 6. Plasma Separation Tubes Examples
Figure 7. Others Examples
Figure 8. Global Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value by Application, (USD Million), 2018 & 2022 & 2029
Figure 9. Global Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value Market Share by Application in 2022
Figure 10. Venous Blood Collection Examples
Figure 11. Capillary Blood Collection Examples
Figure 12. Global Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value, (USD Million): 2018 & 2022 & 2029
Figure 13. Global Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value and Forecast (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 14. Global Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity (2018-2029) & (M Units)
Figure 15. Global Blood Collection Tubes Average Price (2018-2029) & (USD/Unit)
Figure 16. Global Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity Market Share by Manufacturer in 2022
Figure 17. Global Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value Market Share by Manufacturer in 2022
Figure 18. Producer Shipments of Blood Collection Tubes by Manufacturer Sales Quantity ($MM) and Market Share (%): 2021
Figure 19. Top 3 Blood Collection Tubes Manufacturer (Consumption Value) Market Share in 2022
Figure 20. Top 6 Blood Collection Tubes Manufacturer (Consumption Value) Market Share in 2022
Figure 21. Global Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity Market Share by Region (2018-2029)
Figure 22. Global Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value Market Share by Region (2018-2029)
Figure 23. North America Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 24. Europe Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 25. Asia-Pacific Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 26. South America Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 27. Middle East & Africa Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 28. Global Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 29. Global Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 30. Global Blood Collection Tubes Average Price by Type (2018-2029) & (USD/Unit)
Figure 31. Global Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 32. Global Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 33. Global Blood Collection Tubes Average Price by Application (2018-2029) & (USD/Unit)
Figure 34. North America Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 35. North America Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 36. North America Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity Market Share by Country (2018-2029)
Figure 37. North America Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value Market Share by Country (2018-2029)
Figure 38. United States Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 39. Canada Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 40. Mexico Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 41. Europe Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 42. Europe Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 43. Europe Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity Market Share by Country (2018-2029)
Figure 44. Europe Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value Market Share by Country (2018-2029)
Figure 45. Germany Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 46. France Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 47. United Kingdom Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 48. Russia Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 49. Italy Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 50. Asia-Pacific Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 51. Asia-Pacific Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 52. Asia-Pacific Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity Market Share by Region (2018-2029)
Figure 53. Asia-Pacific Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value Market Share by Region (2018-2029)
Figure 54. China Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 55. Japan Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 56. Korea Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 57. India Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 58. Southeast Asia Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 59. Australia Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 60. South America Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 61. South America Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 62. South America Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity Market Share by Country (2018-2029)
Figure 63. South America Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value Market Share by Country (2018-2029)
Figure 64. Brazil Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 65. Argentina Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 66. Middle East & Africa Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 67. Middle East & Africa Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 68. Middle East & Africa Blood Collection Tubes Sales Quantity Market Share by Region (2018-2029)
Figure 69. Middle East & Africa Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value Market Share by Region (2018-2029)
Figure 70. Turkey Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 71. Egypt Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 72. Saudi Arabia Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 73. South Africa Blood Collection Tubes Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 74. Blood Collection Tubes Market Drivers
Figure 75. Blood Collection Tubes Market Restraints
Figure 76. Blood Collection Tubes Market Trends
Figure 77. Porters Five Forces Analysis
Figure 78. Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Blood Collection Tubes in 2022
Figure 79. Manufacturing Process Analysis of Blood Collection Tubes
Figure 80. Blood Collection Tubes Industrial Chain
Figure 81. Sales Quantity Channel: Direct to End-User vs Distributors
Figure 82. Direct Channel Pros & Cons
Figure 83. Indirect Channel Pros & Cons
Figure 84. Methodology
Figure 85. Research Process and Data Source
